When it comes to fighting breast cancer, early detection is the life-saving key. Just consider these statistics. The five-year survival rate for breast cancer is close to 100 percent when there’s an early diagnosis. But if the disease has spread to other organs or the lymph nodes before being detected, the five-year survival rate is only 22 percent.
Having a regularly scheduled mammogram is still the most reliable way to detect breast cancer at the earliest possible stage. Still, some women are reluctant to have a mammogram because they may not understand what’s involved. If that’s the case for you, here are some helpful answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about mammograms.
What is a mammogram?
A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast. Its purpose is to detect tumors that are too small to be found during a physical examination. During the exam, a low-dose X-ray is used to create an image, which is saved on either high-resolution film (traditional mammogram) or electronically on a hard drive (digital mammogram). A radiologist then closely examines and analyzes the image for any signs of breast cancer.
Who should have a mammogram? And how often?
The American Cancer Society recently changed its screening recommendations for women with an average risk of breast cancer:
Ages 40–44: Women should have the opportunity to begin an annual screening mammography.
Ages 45–54: Women should have a screening every year.
Ages 55 and older: Women should begin making the transition to having a screening mammography every two years, depending on their preferences, as long as they are in good health.
How do I prepare for the exam?
Wear lose fitting clothing. A two-piece outfit it ideal so you can undress easily from the waist up. On the day of the exam, avoid using deodorants, lotions, creams or perfumes under your arms or around your breasts. These products may contain metallic particles that can be detected by the mammogram.
How is the mammogram performed?
An X-ray technologist specially trained and certified in mammography will guide you through the process. During the mammogram, pressure is applied to your breast. This is done to even out the thickness of the breast in order to produce the clearest possible images. Some women can find the experience a bit uncomfortable. If it becomes painful, tell your technician.
The actual exam only takes about 10 - 15 minutes, and the entire appointment usually takes less than an hour. That’s not much time at all when you consider the potential life-saving benefit of detecting breast cancer in its early stage.
What about the cost?
Medicare, Medicaid and most insurance companies usually cover the cost. Since September 2010, all new health insurance plans must offer a yearly mammogram for women ages 40 and older with no co-pay required.
The actual exam only takes about 10 - 15 minutes, and the entire appointment usually takes less than an hour. That’s not much time at all when you consider the potential life-saving benefit of detecting breast cancer in its early stage.